How does the curing temperature affect the interlayer bonding strength of 3D printed concrete?

With the increasing aging population and the pressure of global climate change, it is inevitable for the construction industry to develop towards automation and energy conservation.

3D concrete printing technology can automatically and accurately lay materials to the required locations, saving labor and materials, and is a new way for the industry to upgrade.

Elephant Foot Ferrule

But it has a key issue – the bonding strength between the printing layers is not sufficient, which can result in inconsistent strength and durability of the concrete, and also shorten the service life of the building, which has always constrained the practical application of this technology.

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How to identify and handle concrete frost damage

According to the local temperature data for many years, when the daily average outdoor temperature remains below 5 ℃ for 5 consecutive days, concrete construction should enter the winter season.

Therefore, the winter construction period for concrete can be determined based on historical meteorological data.

In the autumn and winter seasons, the specific date for winter construction of concrete is from the initial day when the temperature remains below 5 ℃ for 5 consecutive days to the final day when the temperature remains above 5 ℃ for 5 consecutive days in the spring of the following year.

However, it should be noted that in early winter or early spring, sometimes a sudden cold wave strikes and the temperature drops below 0 ℃.

Spread Anchor

After the cold wave, the temperature rises again.

This situation often goes unnoticed by construction personnel, and insulation and windproof measures are poor, resulting in more severe concrete freezing damage.

Concrete frost damage can be divided into the following three types.

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Must see for winter construction! Concrete antifreeze knowledge, fully mastered from principle to practical operation

The sudden drop in winter temperature makes concrete construction the most afraid of “freezing”.

Once frozen, it not only leads to a significant decrease in strength, but also may cause problems such as cracks and sanding, seriously affecting the quality of the project.

Previously, we mentioned the key points of antifreeze in winter maintenance.

Today, we will specifically break down the core knowledge of “concrete antifreeze”, from “why it freezes” to “how to prevent it at different low temperatures”, and then to “how to use antifreeze”, to help everyone get the antifreeze details in place.

Magnetic Thread Disc

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Small crafts include the “Great Ability” series -18. The joint surface between new and old concrete is chiseled with a flower hammer

The flower hammer chiseling tool consists of a high-strength alloy hammer head and an electric impact device (such as an electric hammer or pickaxe).

It forms a uniform “lychee surface” texture on the concrete surface through high-frequency impact, breaking the smooth surface structure and achieving a chiseling effect with a depth of about 1-5 millimeters.

Steel Rebar Chairs

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Spray type 3D concrete printing system: Overcoming pain points in reinforced components and achieving high-precision automated molding

Shimizu Construction Co.

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, a Japanese construction engineering and design company founded in 1804, has developed a spray type 3D concrete printing system specifically designed for the construction of large-sized curved reinforced components.

Plastic Rebar Chairs

This system integrates a nine degree of freedom gantry robot and a material spraying simulation system, which can pre verify the forming characteristics of sprayed materials.

This technical solution can achieve high-precision automated production of reinforced structural components and large components with complex geometric shapes, which is difficult to achieve with traditional material extrusion 3D printing technology.

The material injection simulation system carried by the system is jointly developed by Shimizu Construction and the Computational Engineering and Robotics Laboratory (CERLAB) led by Professor Kenji Shimada from the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University.

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