The composite antifreeze pumping agent currently used by concrete companies is generally composed of antifreeze, early strength, water reducing, and air entraining components.
Among them: (1) Antifreeze mainly lowers the freezing point of liquid phase in concrete; (2) The dosage of early strength agent increases the early strength of concrete, enabling it to reach or exceed the critical frost resistance strength of concrete as soon as possible.
(3) Water reducing agents can reduce the water consumption of concrete and minimize concrete frost damage.
(4) Air entraining agents can alleviate the stress damage caused by ice frost heave and improve the early frost damage resistance of concrete.
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