3D concrete printing (3DCP) has become one of the core directions of construction industrialization due to its advantages of template free, complex configuration free molding, and fine material utilization.
However, from prototype display to load-bearing structure application, material anisotropy and high mechanical performance variability have always been the core bottlenecks – there are huge differences in printing equipment, mix proportions, and process parameters around the world, and there is still no unified safety factor for structural design sub items.
If a single conservative value is taken directly in the most unfavorable direction, it will lead to larger component dimensions and an increase in hidden carbon; If control is relaxed, there will be no evidence to support structural risks.
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