With the continuous expansion of civil engineering scale and the continuous improvement of technological level, some important high-rise and large-span buildings with special functional requirements continue to emerge, such as skyscrapers, super large span bridges, and giant water conservancy hub projects, which require concrete to have higher strength, better durability, and better stability.
These demands have led to the gradual development of concrete from ordinary to high-performance and even ultra high performance.
The improvement of concrete strength is mainly achieved by reducing the water cement ratio, which also leads to a high viscosity of concrete, causing a series of construction problems such as concrete mixing, transportation, and pumping, greatly limiting the promotion and application of high-strength and ultra high strength concrete.
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